For any mechanical refrigeration system, the principles and essential components are the same no matter how big or small, or how they are packaged together. Objectives after studying this unit, you should be able to know what is refrigeration and airconditioning. A tone of refrigeration is expressed in designed as the rate of heat removed from the surroundings equivalent to the heat required for melting one tone of ice in one day 20140304 3 faculty of pharmacy, omer almukhtar university, tobruk, libya. If you only study one book on refrigeration this should be the one. Compressor basic refrigeration cycle evaporator condenser receiver expansion device. Nova kool, refrigerators, freezers, marine, rv, truck. The compressor the condensing coil the metering device the evaporator 3. This course introduces the student to basic refrigeration system principles and practices, and the major component parts of the refrigeration system. An overview of the fundamental principles of physics and thermodynamicsincludes an introduction to psychometrics. This book provides a detailed, applicationsoriented tre. Hart 1407 refrigeration principles hart 1407 is the students introduction to the refrigeration cycle of air conditioning and refrigeration systems. Mechanical refrigeration works by changing the the majority of heat is removed from the the majority of the works by removedchanging the absorbed heat is state of the refrigerant. This book has been written especially for use in programs where a full curriculum in refrigeration is offered.
Nov 01, 2011 refrigeration principles of mechanical refrigeration department of defense 19640101 dod pin 27633 shows application of basic physics of heat transfer in refrigeration units. The seventeen units cover aid conditioning calculations psychrometrics, residential heat. Provides students with material that is essential to an understanding of mechanical refrigeration. Materials as printouts and additionally also as pdf files. For industrial purposes, chillers can be thought of as a component within a complex mechanical system that is used to remove heat from a process or substance. Graphics and animations are used in an attempt to make it easy to understand the concepts involved. A simplified presentation of the fundamentals of refrigeration. Terms in this set 11 list the components of a basic singlelevel compression refrigeration system. One ton of refrigeration equals 12,000 btu per hour btuh.
Two different pressures exist in the refrigeration cycle. Heat flow is a basic principle of refrigeration in fact, of all hvac work. They think that an air conditioner functions by pumping cool air into their home. The principles of basic refrigeration a chiller is simply a device that used to remove heat from something. For example, in the refrigeration cycle, the evaporator cooling coil is colder than the air flowing around it, so heat flows from the warmer air into the evaporator. I have an unlimited ammonia refrigeration license, operate a huge ammonia system, and teach industrial refrigeration. Fundamentals of refrigeration evaporation the picture on fig. The problem is how to convey heat from an area of a given temperature to an area of higher temperature.
Refrigeration principles of mechanical refrigeration youtube. Basics of air conditioning most people dont realize how their central air conditioner actually works. Basic concepts of refrigeration refrigeration is the science of producing and maintaining temperatures below that of the surrounding atmosphere. Basic refrigeration begins with an introduction to the basics of refrigeration and hvac, and then quickly progresses into specific equipment components, eliminating overly technical and lengthy information that is found in many traditional industry books. The units are designed to help the student to expand and apply the basic knowledge already mastered and to learn new principles and techniques and to prepare himher for entrylevel work as an apprentice. Basic refrigeration and charging procedures interactive cdrom. Apr 26, 20 basic refrigeration principles johnnyhvac. Th movement cooling by the removal of heat the movement of heat from a place where it is notot a ted to a wanted to a. Mixture and blend 21 effect of change in discharge pressure 34 azeotropic refrigerant. Refrigeration basic principle named after two scientists, james prescott joule and william thompson.
Basic refrigeration cycle nina sri maulani 121624023 tptu 2012 2. Refrigeration and air conditioning technology gunt hamburg. Topics include refrigeration tools, piping practices, service valves, leak testing, refrigerant recovery, recycling, and reclamation, evacuation, charging, and safety. The compressor is a vapor compression pump which uses pistons or some other method to compress the refrigerant gas and send it on its way to the condenser. Heat is added to the liquid which in this case is water causing its temperature to rise. The contents of this book are intended to interest those who are not engaged every day with refrigeration plant but who wish to extend their knowledge on the basic principles of appliances they see every day. This chapter gives an overview of the principles of low temperature refrigeration and the thermodynamics behind it. This procedure is called a throttling process or joulethomson. Pdf part 1 fundamentals of refrigeration refrigeration manual. This course is an overview of vaporcompression refrigeration cycle, principles of heat generation, transfer and rejection. Basic principles most of us have some ideas concerning the purpose of refrigeration and what refrigeration does. The first and most important of these laws is the fact that energy can neither be created or destroyed, but can be converted from one type to another. This is another in a series of articles addressing advanced basics in the understanding of the refrigeration cycle.
There are certain fundamental principles of nature, often called laws of thermodynamics, which govern out existence here on earth, several of which are basic in the study of refrigeration. Refrigeration and airconditioning is the subject which deals with the techniques to control the environments of the living and nonliving subjects and thus provide them comforts to enable them to perform better and have longer lives. Explain the basics of heat theory and the basic principles of refrigeration. To really understand what a chiller is, a fundamental knowledge of the principles of basic refrigeration is required. Industrial refrigeration and cooling invest northern ireland. However, they may expect you to have a much greater indepth. Describe the 4 principles of the refrigeration process. When compiling the material for the booklet a deliberate attempt was made to pro. By studying and understanding the basic principles of refrigeration, you will be. The courses must be taken in the order listed below. Basic cryogenic processes joulethomoson process, brayton process as well as claude process are described and compared. Refrigeration and air conditioning training course principles. The main components there are four main components in a refrigeration system.
The cd contains information on refrigerant pressures, states and conditions as well as how they apply to the refrigeration system. This means the removal of the heat from a substance to be cooled. Back to basics whether youre new to refrigeration or just want to brush up on your basics, the following information may be useful. The illustration above is a consumers understanding of refrigeration. There are 4 main components in a mechanical refrigeration system. First of all, did you know that there is no such thing as cold. Refrigeration principles pdf refrigeration industrytrade e. Engineering and technology college mechanical engineering department. Refrigeration fundamentals heatcraft worldwide refrigeration. The danfoss product range for the refrigeration and air. May 21, 2007 the term tons of refrigeration is also used to refer to the cooling load on a room or building. You can describe something as cold and everyone will know what you mean.
Learn refrigeration principles with free interactive flashcards. The compressor does work on the refrigeration system consumes energy. The refrigeration basic principle is that with the aid of a heat pump, the refrigerant is being compressed to the condenser and capillary tube thus increasing its temperature 5060c and pressure 750 kpa in the refrigerator being cooled down by the condensing unit to 32c depending the existing ambient temperature. There are no specific technical prerequisites required prior to beginning this course material. This section explains in basic terms the principles that are used to create the refrigeration effect. For any mechanical refrigeration system, the principles and essential components are the same no matter how big or. A refrigerant is then circulated through each component for the sole purpose of. By studying and understanding the basic principles of refrigeration, you will be able to understand any type of refrigeration system you might encounter. But your air conditioner actually removes warm air and recirculates it as cool air. This interactive cd is an excellent training tool that fully describes and explains the refrigeration cycle. Choose from 47 different sets of refrigeration principles flashcards on quizlet. Our devices combine the most effective methods of active and passive.
A chiller is simply a device that used to remove heat from something. It is usually done by an artificial means of lowering the temperature, such as by the use of ice or mechanical refrigeration, which is a mechanical system or apparatus, designed and. This article gives details about the functions of the compressor, discharge line, and condenser. Kings basic refrigeration is the absolute best text and reference for understanding refrigeration of all types ever written. It raises the pressure, temperature and enthalpy of the refrigerant by compressing the saturated gas, in an isentropic process, to a superheated. Evaporator compressor with drive motor condenser expansion valve throttle. Identify the basic components of a refrigeration cycle. Refrigeration an introduction to the basics danfoss.
The process where a gas or liquid change its temperature when it is forced through an expansion valve or capillary tube in an insulated system where no ambient heat transfer. Temperature is an indication of the level of heat energy but not of total amount of heat or amount of material that might be present. Refrigeration and air conditioning training course. Dossat principles of refrigeration john wiley 1961 acrobat 7 pdf 35. The compressor is a vapour compression pump which uses pistons or some other method to compress the refrigerant gas and send it on its way to the condenser. Basic refrigeration cycle explained hvac 101 step by step duration.
However, the material covered and the method of presentation are such that the text is also suitable for adult evening classes and for onthejob training and selfinstruction. For example, if a temperature of 100f is indicated in connection with r. Principles of refrigeration 32 hours, 32 nate cehs, 3. Basics of air conditioning bayonet plumbing, heating, and ac. It is intended to cover only the fundamentals of refrigeration theory and practice. Jun 02, 2005 this is another in a series of articles addressing advanced basics in the understanding of the refrigeration cycle. Heat and refrigeration principles learning objective. Part 1 this section explains in basic terms the principles that are used to create the refrigeration effect. Since refrigeration deals entirely with the removal or transfer of heat, some knowledge of the nature and effects of heat is necessary for a clear understanding of the subject. Table of contents section 1 basic refrigeration principles types of. Provides students with material that is essential to.
The efficiency of a refrigeration cycle is expressed in terms of the coefficient of. Your customers may not need to go beyond this simple understanding of refrigeration. This course includes basic thermodynamics, heat transfer, temperaturepressure relationship, safe handling of refrigerants, refrigeration containment, and refrigeration components. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Refrigeration principles, practices, and performance. In this article and the next, we look at components.
Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from an area or a substance and is usually done by an artificial means of lowering the temperature, such as the use of ice or mechanical refrigeration. The science behind refrigeration berg chilling systems inc. At a lower temperature, molecular motion slows down and the growth of bacteria that causes food spoilage also retards. This manual is designed to fill a need which exists for a concise, elementary text to aid servicemen, salesman, students, and others interested in refrigeration.
One ton of refrigeration is the amount of latent heat absorbed when one ton of ice at 32f melts to water at 32f during 24 hours. Before refrigeration to cool a warm object before refrigeration was invented, humans placed material to be cooled near a cold object like a block of. When compiling the material for the booklet a deliberate. Any components beyond these basic 4 are called accessories.
The course is structured with the more basic and simple content presented first. The most common refrigeration system in use today involves the input of work from a compressor and uses the vapor compression cycle. Addisu dagne introduction to refrigeration definition. Refrigeration basic principle refrigeration evaporators. Identify the various gas laws and their importance to your basic knowledge of physics.
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